Polyps are a tissue projection from the surface of the endometrium. They made up of hyperplastic overgrowths of endometrial stroma.

The majority of endometrial polyps are benign, but in some cases polyps are malignant or pre malignant (which may transform into cancer).

Polyps vary in size from some millimeters (less than sesame seed size) to several centimeters (like a golf ball).

Which women have a high risk of polyp presence?

The incidence of endometrial polyps is higher in menopausal and post menopausal women. However, it is not uncommon in young women.

What are the symptoms?

• Heavy menstrual bleeding or vaginal bleeding after menopause
• Vaginal bleeding between the expected menstrual periods
• Fertility problems
• Abnormal menstrual circle

How is the diagnosis made?

The diagnosis is made by speculum examination and transvaginal ultrasound. 

When should I do transvaginal ultrasound?

It is recommended to do transvaginal ultrasound after your period has finished in order have high diagnostic reliability.

If the images are unclear, the use of 3-D ultrasound helps in making a definitive diagnosis.

What should I do?

The treatment of choice is hysteroscopic polypectomy (removal of polyps).

What is Hysteroscopy?

Hysteroscopy is a way for the endoscopic surgeon doctor to look at the lining of the uterus. Through this procedure it is used a hysteroscope, a tiny tube (it has diameter of 3 to 10 mm) which carries a light and camera at the end.

The hysteroscope provides the image onto a high-definition video screen.

The hysteroscope is inserted into the womb through vagina and cervix, which means that there is no need for surgical wounds.

How is hysteroscopy polypectomy performed?

Using a hysteroscope, an instrument is inserted into the womb. It cuts the handle and the base of the polyp (its root). After this procedure the polyp is removed.

Is it necessary to stay at hospital after a hysteroscopy?

Usually, a mild sedative is used, so woman can discharge from the hospital few hours after the procedure.

How do I decide which option is better for me?

Talk to Gynecologist - Endoscopic surgeon Dr. Marinakis.

If there are doubts concerning the diagnosis of polyps, the doctor can give you a clear answer using 3-D ultrasound.

If they have discouraged you from Hysteroscopy, and you do not have enough information not only about the indications of the procedure, but also about your treatment planning, you may be in the wrong place!

Overall, hysteroscopy is a really safe procedure; however every single medical practice is safe only if it is managed by a specialist.

Gynecologist Dr. Marinakis specialises in gynecological hysteroscopy. He is certified in advanced laparoscopy and hysteroscopy by Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. He was also a member of Laparoscopic training unit “MATTU” in United Kingdom.

How much does a hysteroscopy cost?

The cost of an operative hysteroscopy is low and it usually depends on your health insurance cover.